Spine Disorders in Children

Malformation Type	Type I (diastematomyelia)	Type II (diplomyelia)
Anatomic Features	Two hemicords in two dural sleeves separated by a midline bony spur.	Two hemicords in a single dural sleeve. Hemicords are separated and tethered by a fibrous band attached to the dura.
Radiographic Features	Bony spur seen on CT. CT features of intersegmental fusion and adjacent spina bifida. MRI shows two hemicords in separate subarachnoid spaces.	Two hemicords seen within a single subarachnoid space on T2WI. ± fibrous septum attached to the dura.
Location	Typically lumbar	May occur anywhere along the spinal axis

Symptoms	Cutaneous Markers	Associated Findings on Px	Associated Anomalie
Backache (30–50%) Progressive neurological deficit (66%) Urinary retention/incontinence11 (13–32.5%) Leg pain/hyperesthesia (7–10%) aSx (13%)	Hypertrichosis (31–61%) Dermal sinus (7–40%) Subcutaneous lipoma (2–25%) Sacral dimple (5–10%) Capillary hemangioma (0.5–7.2%)	Abnormal urodynamics (74%) Left-right motor/sensory asymmetry (21%) Left-right limb size/length asymmetry (12–15%) Talipes equinovarus (17–20%)	Scoliosis (44–60%) Thickened filum terminale (22–71%) Neuro-orthopedic syndrome (20–56%) Syrinx (28–44%) Myelomeningocele (11–26%) Terminal lipoma (9–16%) Chiari malformation (6–7%)